Social and religious professionals conduct research; improve or develop concepts, theories and operational methods; apply knowledge relating to philosophy, politics, economics, sociology, anthropology, history, psychology and other social sciences; or provide social services to meet the needs of individuals and families in a community.

Tasks performed usually include: formulating and applying solutions to present or projected economic, political or social problems; researching into and analysing past events and activities and tracing the origin and evolution of the human race; studying mental processes and behaviour of individuals and groups; providing social services; preparing scholarly papers and reports.  Supervision of other workers may be included.